Data and Signals

Data and Signals One of the major functions of the physical layer is to move data in the form of electromagnetic signals across a transmission medium. Whether you are collecting numericalstatistics from another computer, sending animated pictures from a design workstation,or causing a bell to ring at a distant control center, you are working with…

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Domain Name System

Domain Name System There are several applications in the application layer of the Internet model that followthe client/server paradigm. The client/server programs can be divided into two categories:those that can be directly used by the user, such as e-mail, and those that support otherapplication programs. The Domain Name System (DNS) is a supporting program thatis…

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Network Models

Network Models A network is a combination of hardware and software that sends data from one location to another. The hardware consists of the physical equipment that carries signals from one point of the network to another. The software consists of instruction sets that make possible the services that we expect from a network. We…

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